Tag Archives: astronomy

How a Molecular Cloud Collapses Into a Star

Making a star means compressing gas by something like twenty-four orders of magnitude. The warm neutral interstellar medium, the ordinary atomic gas between the stars, holds roughly a third of a hydrogen atom per cubic centimetre at a temperature of … Continue reading

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Derivation of the Cosmic-Ray Diffusion Coefficient from Pitch-Angle Scattering

Cosmic rays arrive at Earth from every direction almost perfectly evenly, to about one part in a thousand. That’s a disaster if you wanted to know where they came from, because they’re charged and the Galaxy is magnetised, so whatever … Continue reading

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On the Consistency of Published M87* Mass Measurements

A useful way to test a black hole spacetime is not only to ask whether one observational method agrees with Kerr, but to ask whether several independent methods agree with each other. In the case of M87*, this question is … Continue reading

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Vega Through 600 Frames of Starlight

Tonight I pointed the Seestar S50 toward Vega and let it run for a while. Vega is one of those stars that almost feels too bright to photograph properly. It dominates the frame immediately, and after only a few exposures … Continue reading

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A Dark Halo That Almost Became a Galaxy

One of the cleanest ideas in modern cosmology is also one of the easiest to overlook. According to the standard ΛCDM model, structure in the Universe forms hierarchically, with dark matter collapsing under gravity into bound halos over an enormous … Continue reading

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